tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1779078529631495212024-03-06T12:00:41.460-08:00LAICI - Laboratório de Investigação de Câncer e InflamaçãoLAICI - Laboratório de Investigação de Câncer e Inflamação / Virtual Laboratory of PathologyLaboratório Virtual de Patologiahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01973860435082517762noreply@blogger.comBlogger128125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-177907852963149521.post-23389201077879305072020-07-09T08:14:00.001-07:002020-07-09T08:14:54.233-07:00Blood Oxidative Stress Modulates Alveolar Bone Loss in Chronically Stressed Rats<span id="docs-internal-guid-47847378-7fff-2735-6cf5-6067f30b5b8c"><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><b><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">by Micaele Maria Lopes Castro</span><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;"> 1</span></span><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">,Priscila Cunha Nascimento</span><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;"> 1</span></span><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">,Deiweson Souza-Monteiro</span><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;"> 1</span></span><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">,Sávio Monteiro Santos</span><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;"> 2</span></span><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">,Mayra Barros Arouck</span><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;"> 3</span></span><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">,Vinicius Barreto Garcia</span><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;"> 4,5</span></span><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">,Raimundo Fernandes de Araújo, Jr.</span><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;"> 4,5,6,7</span></span><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">,Aurigena Antunes de Araujo</span><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;"> 2</span></span><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">,Gabriela de Souza Balbinot</span><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;"> 8</span></span><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">,Fabrício Mezzomo Collares</span><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;"> 8</span></span><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">,Cassiano Kuchenbecker Rosing</span><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;"> 9</span></span><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">,Marta Chagas Monteiro</span><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;"> 2</span></span><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">,Cristiane Socorro Ferraz Maia</span><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;"> 3</span></span><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"> andRafael Rodrigues Lima</span><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;"> 1,*</span></span></b></p><b><br /><br /></b><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><b>Abstract</b></span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><b><br /></b></span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><b>We aimed to investigate the effects of chronic stress (CS) on experimental periodontitis (EP) in rats. For this, 28 Wistar rats were divided into four groups: control, ligature-induced experimental periodontitis (EP), chronic stress (CS; by physical restraint model) and CS+EP (association of chronic stress and ligature-induced periodontitis). The experimental period lasted 30 days, including exposure to CS every day and ligature was performed on the 15th experimental day. After 30 days, the animals were submitted to the behavioral test of the elevated plus maze (EPM). Next, rats were euthanized for blood and mandible collection in order to evaluate the oxidative biochemistry (by nitric oxide (NO), reduced-glutathione activity (GSH), and thiobarbituric acid reactive substance levels (TBARS)) and alveolar bone characterization (by morphometric, micro-CT, and immunohistochemistry), respectively. The behavioral parameters evaluated in EPM indicated higher anxiogenic activity in the CS and CS+EP, groups, which is a behavioral reflex of CS. The results showed that CS was able to change the blood oxidative biochemistry in CS and CS+EP groups, decrease GSH activity in the blood, and increase the NO and TBARS concentrations. Thus, CS induces oxidative blood imbalance, which can potentialize or generate morphological, structural, and metabolic damages to the alveolar bone. </b></span></p><b><br /></b><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><b>Resumo</b></span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><b><br /></b></span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><b>Nosso objetivo foi investigar os efeitos do estresse crônico (SC) na periodontite experimental (PE) em ratos. Para isso, 28 ratos Wistar foram divididos em quatro grupos: controle, periodontite experimental induzida por ligadura (EP), estresse crônico (SC; por modelo de restrição física) e CS + EP (associação de estresse crônico e periodontite induzida por ligadura). O período experimental durou 30 dias, incluindo a exposição à SC todos os dias e a ligadura foi realizada no 15º dia experimental. Após 30 dias, os animais foram submetidos ao teste comportamental do labirinto em cruz elevado (EPM). Em seguida, os ratos foram sacrificados para coleta de sangue e mandíbula, a fim de avaliar a bioquímica oxidativa (por óxido nítrico (NO), atividade de glutationa reduzida (GSH) e níveis de substância reativa ao ácido tiobarbitúrico (TBARS)) e caracterização óssea alveolar (por morfometria , micro-CT e imuno-histoquímica), respectivamente. Os parâmetros comportamentais avaliados na EPM indicaram maior atividade ansiogênica nos grupos CS e CS + EP, que é um reflexo comportamental da SC. Os resultados mostraram que o CS foi capaz de alterar a bioquímica oxidativa do sangue nos grupos CS e CS + EP, diminuir a atividade de GSH no sangue e aumentar as concentrações de NO e TBARS. Assim, a SC induz um desequilíbrio oxidativo do sangue, que pode potencializar ou gerar danos morfológicos, estruturais e metabólicos ao osso alveolar. diminuir a atividade de GSH no sangue e aumentar as concentrações de NO e TBARS. Assim, a SC induz um desequilíbrio oxidativo do sangue, que pode potencializar ou gerar danos morfológicos, estruturais e metabólicos ao osso alveolar. diminuir a atividade de GSH no sangue e aumentar as concentrações de NO e TBARS. Assim, a SC induz um desequilíbrio oxidativo do sangue, que pode potencializar ou gerar danos morfológicos, estruturais e metabólicos ao osso alveolar. </b></span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><b><br /></b></span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><b><a href="https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/21/10/3728" target="_blank">View Full-Text</a><br /></b></span></p><br /></span>Laboratório Virtual de Patologiahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01973860435082517762noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-177907852963149521.post-7665596676885092062020-07-09T08:00:00.003-07:002020-07-09T08:06:53.870-07:00Cholesterol-functionalized carvedilol-loaded PLGA nanoparticles: anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antitumor effects <span id="docs-internal-guid-649bda8f-7fff-8595-bfbe-c1757ecf7157"><font face="arial"><b><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Ana Luiza C. de S. L. Oliveira, Alaine M. dos Santos-Silva, Arnóbio A. da Silva-Júnior, Vinícius B. Garcia, Aurigena A. de Araújo, Lioe-Fee de Geus-Oei, Alan B. Chan, Luis J. Cruz & Raimundo F. de Araújo Júnior</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br /></span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Abstract </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br /></span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">The inflammation has been identified as factor of tumor progression, which has increased the interest and use of molecules with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities in the cancer treatment. In this study, the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antitumor potentials of carvedilol was explored in a different approach. The cholesterol (CHO) was investigated as facilitated agent in the action of carvedilol-loaded nanoparticles. Different formulations exhibited spherical and stable nanoparticle with mean diameter size < 250 nm. The cholesterol changed the copolymer-drug interactions and the encapsulation efficiency. The in vitro cancer study was performed using murine colorectal cancer cell line (CT-26) to observe the cell viability and apoptosis on MTS assay and flow cytometry, respectively. The experiments have demonstrated that cholesterol improved the performance of drug-loaded nanoparticles, which was much better than free drug. The in vivo inflammation peritonitis model revealed that carvedilol-loaded nanoparticles increased the level of glutathione and leukocyte migration mainly when the functionalized drug-loaded nanoparticles were tested, in a lower dose than the free drug. As hypothesized, the experimental data suggest that cholesterol-functionalized carvedilol-loaded PLGA nanoparticles can be a novel and promising approach in the inflammation-induced cancer therapy since showed anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antitumor effects.</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br /></span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Resumo</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br /></span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">A inflamação foi identificada como fator de progressão tumoral, o que aumentou o interesse e o uso de moléculas com atividades anti-inflamatórias e antioxidantes no tratamento do câncer. Neste estudo, os potenciais antioxidante, anti-inflamatório e antitumoral do carvedilol foram explorados em uma abordagem diferente. O colesterol (CHO) foi investigado como agente facilitado na ação de nanopartículas carregadas de carvedilol. Diferentes formulações exibiram nanopartículas esféricas e estáveis com diâmetro médio de tamanho <250 nm. O colesterol alterou as interações copolímero-droga e a eficiência do encapsulamento. O estudo do câncer in vitro foi realizado utilizando a linha celular de câncer colorretal de murino (CT-26) para observar a viabilidade celular e apoptose no ensaio MTS e citometria de fluxo, respectivamente. Os experimentos demonstraram que o colesterol melhorou o desempenho das nanopartículas carregadas com drogas, o que foi muito melhor que as drogas gratuitas. O modelo de peritonite por inflamação in vivo revelou que as nanopartículas carregadas com carvedilol aumentaram o nível de migração de glutationa e leucócitos principalmente quando as nanopartículas funcionalizadas carregadas com drogas foram testadas, em uma dose mais baixa que a droga livre. Como hipótese, os dados experimentais sugerem que as nanopartículas de PLGA carregadas com carvedilol e funcionalizadas com colesterol podem ser uma abordagem nova e promissora na terapia do câncer induzida por inflamação, pois mostraram efeitos anti-inflamatórios, antioxidantes e antitumorais. O modelo de peritonite por inflamação in vivo revelou que as nanopartículas carregadas com carvedilol aumentaram o nível de migração de glutationa e leucócitos principalmente quando as nanopartículas funcionalizadas carregadas com drogas foram testadas, em uma dose mais baixa que a droga livre. Como hipótese, os dados experimentais sugerem que as nanopartículas de PLGA carregadas com carvedilol e funcionalizadas com colesterol podem ser uma abordagem nova e promissora na terapia do câncer induzida por inflamação, pois mostraram efeitos anti-inflamatórios, antioxidantes e antitumorais. O modelo de peritonite por inflamação in vivo revelou que as nanopartículas carregadas com carvedilol aumentaram o nível de migração de glutationa e leucócitos principalmente quando as nanopartículas funcionalizadas carregadas com drogas foram testadas, em uma dose mais baixa que a droga livre. Como hipótese, os dados experimentais sugerem que as nanopartículas de PLGA carregadas com carvedilol e funcionalizadas com colesterol podem ser uma abordagem nova e promissora na terapia do câncer induzida por inflamação, pois mostraram efeitos anti-inflamatórios, antioxidantes e antitumorais.</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><a href="https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs11051-020-04832-8" target="_blank">View Full-Text</a><br /></span></p></b></font></span>Laboratório Virtual de Patologiahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01973860435082517762noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-177907852963149521.post-66768149966576916282020-07-09T07:47:00.002-07:002020-07-09T07:50:34.070-07:00In Vivo Antidepressant Effect of Passiflora edulis f. flavicarpa into Cationic Nanoparticles: Improving Bioactivity and Safety<span id="docs-internal-guid-5936b95f-7fff-6819-9f1f-af8d9136683e"><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><font face="arial"><b><span style="background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">by Jovelina Samara Ferreira Alves</span><span style="background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="vertical-align: super;"> 1</span></span><span style="background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">,Alaine Maria dos Santos Silva</span><span style="background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="vertical-align: super;"> 2</span></span><span style="background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">,Rodrigo Moreira da Silva</span><span style="background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="vertical-align: super;"> 3</span></span><span style="background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">,Pamella Rebeca Fernandes Tiago</span><span style="background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="vertical-align: super;"> 4</span></span><span style="background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">,Thais Gomes de Carvalho</span><span style="background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="vertical-align: super;"> 5</span></span><span style="background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">,Raimundo Fernandes de Araújo Júnior</span><span style="background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="vertical-align: super;"> 5</span></span><span style="background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">,Eduardo Pereira de Azevedo</span><span style="background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="vertical-align: super;"> 6</span></span><span style="background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">,Norberto Peporine Lopes</span><span style="background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="vertical-align: super;"> 3</span></span><span style="background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">,Leandro De Santis Ferreira</span><span style="background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="vertical-align: super;"> 7</span></span><span style="background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">,Elaine Cristina Gavioli</span><span style="background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="vertical-align: super;"> 4</span></span><span style="background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">,Arnóbio Antônio da Silva-Júnior</span><span style="background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="vertical-align: super;"> 2</span></span><span style="background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"> and Silvana Maria Zucolotto</span></b></font></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><font face="arial"><b><br /></b></font></span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><font face="arial"><b>Abstract</b></font></span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><font face="arial"><b><br /></b></font></span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><font face="arial"><b>A variety of neuroactive flavonoids can be found in the species of the Passiflora genus; however, their difficulty in crossing the blood–brain barrier limits their in vivo neuropharmacological activity. In this study, cationic nanoparticles were developed as a novel nanocarrier for improving the antidepressant activity of Passiflora edulis f. flavicarpa leaf extract. Formulations obtained using Eudragit E PO polymethylmethacrylate copolymer, as polymeric matrix had their physicochemical properties investigated. The analytical content of the flavonoids vicenin-2, orientin, isoorientin, vitexin, and isovitexin was determined in the plant extract. Small-sized and spherical nanoparticles loaded with Passiflora edulis f. flavicarpa were obtained with positive zeta potential and high encapsulation efficiency. In addition, the nanosystems were shown to be stable for at least 6 months. The antidepressant activity of P. edulis extract (50 and 100 mg/kg) as well as the extract-loaded nanoparticles (5 mg/kg) were investigated in mice using the forced swimming test, where the latter increased the potency of the former by 10-fold. In addition, histopathological and biochemical analysis confirmed the biocompatibility of the extract-loaded nanoparticles. This study demonstrated that the Eudragit cationic nanoparticles were able to improve the antidepressant activity of P. edulis in the central nervous system of mice. </b></font></span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><font face="arial"><b><br /></b></font></span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><font face="arial"><b>Resumo</b></font></span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><font face="arial"><b><br /></b></font></span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><font face="arial"><b>Uma variedade de flavonóides neuroativos pode ser encontrada nas espécies do gênero Passiflora ; no entanto, sua dificuldade em atravessar a barreira hematoencefálica limita sua atividade neuro-farmacológica in vivo. Neste estudo, nanopartículas catiônicas foram desenvolvidas como um novo nanocarreador para melhorar a atividade antidepressiva de Passiflora edulis f. extrato de folha de flavicarpa . As formulações obtidas utilizando o copolímero Eudragit E PO polimetilmetacrilato, como matriz polimérica, tiveram suas propriedades físico-químicas investigadas. O conteúdo analítico dos flavonóides vicenina-2, orientação, iso-orientação, vitexina e isovitexina foi determinado no extrato da planta. Nanopartículas esféricas e de tamanho pequeno carregadas com Passiflora edulis f.flavicarpa foram obtidos com potencial zeta positivo e alta eficiência de encapsulamento. Além disso, os nanossistemas mostraram-se estáveis por pelo menos 6 meses. A atividade antidepressiva do extrato de P. edulis (50 e 100 mg / kg), bem como as nanopartículas carregadas com extrato (5 mg / kg) foram investigadas em camundongos usando o teste de natação forçada, onde este último aumentou a potência do primeiro por 10 vezes. Além disso, análises histopatológicas e bioquímicas confirmaram a biocompatibilidade das nanopartículas carregadas com extrato. Este estudo demonstrou que as nanopartículas catiônicas Eudragit foram capazes de melhorar a atividade antidepressiva de P. edulis no sistema nervoso central de camundongos. </b></font></span></p><p style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: left;"><span id="docs-internal-guid-46e6a677-7fff-b0cb-779f-93745743b03f"><br /><a href="https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4923/12/4/383" target="_blank">View Full-Text</a><br /></span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span id="docs-internal-guid-b4be60da-7fff-9d0a-01c8-3014ab06b58c"><br /></span></p></span>Laboratório Virtual de Patologiahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01973860435082517762noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-177907852963149521.post-35613109722216352442020-07-09T07:27:00.002-07:002020-07-09T07:35:57.287-07:00Effect of Gold Nanoparticle on 5-Fluorouracil-Induced Experimental Oral Mucositis in Hamsters<span id="docs-internal-guid-9b35330a-7fff-bd6a-df05-a90d8e59dd4a"><br /><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">by Carmem Jane Ferreira Vilar</span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;"> 1,†</span></span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">,Susana Barbosa Ribeiro</span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;"> 2,†</span></span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">,Aurigena Antunes de Araújo</span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;"> 3</span></span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">,Gerlane Coelho Bernardo Guerra</span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;"> 4</span></span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">,Raimundo Fernandes de Araújo Júnior</span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;"> 5</span></span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">,Gerly Anne de Castro Brito</span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;"> 6</span></span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">,Renata Ferreira Carvalho Leitão</span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;"> 6</span></span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">,Daniel de Lima Pontes</span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;"> 7</span></span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">,Luiz Henrique Da Silva Gasparotto</span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;"> 7</span></span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">,Maisie Mitchele Barbosa Oliveira</span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;"> 2</span></span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">,Anderson Dias Viana</span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;"> 7</span></span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">,Wendy Marina Toscano Queiroz de Medeiros</span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;"> 7</span></span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">,Breno Gustavo Porfírio Bezerra</span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;"> 7</span></span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"> and Caroline Addison Carvalho Xavier de Medeiros</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br /></span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><b>Abstract</b></span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><b>Background:</b> </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Oral mucositis (OM) is a severe inflammation of the oral mucosal cells associated with chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy-induced toxicity, resulting in epithelial ulcers and higher risk of death from sepsis. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the nanoparticle (AuNp) effect on OM induced in hamsters. Materials and methods: 5-fluorouracil (5FU) was used on the first and second day of the experimental model in Golden sirian hamsters, and on the fourth day, mechanical trauma was applied to induce OM. The animals were divided into groups, i.e., polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), mechanical trauma (MT), 5FU, and groups treated with gold nanoparticles (AuNps) (62.5, 125, and 250 μg/kg). On the 10th day, animals were euthanized for macroscopic, histopathological, immunohistochemical, western blot, quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), and AuNp quantification. Results: AuNp (250 μg/kg) reduced TNF-α, IL-1β, COX-2, NF-κB, TGF-β, and SMAD 2/3; increased glutathione levels; decreased the expression of Kelch ECH-associated protein 1 (KEAP1); and induced heme oxygenase 1 (HMOX-1) and NAD (P) H quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) genes. Conclusions: AuNp (250 μg/kg) prevented 5-FU-induced OM in hamsters and improved the parameters of inflammation and oxidative stress.</span></p><br /><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><b>Resumo</b></span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">A mucosite oral (MO) é uma inflamação grave das células da mucosa oral associada à quimioterapia e / ou toxicidade induzida por radioterapia, resultando em úlceras epiteliais e maior risco de morte por sepse. O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar o efeito das nanopartículas (AuNp) na MO induzida em hamsters. Materiais e métodos: o 5-fluorouracil (5FU) foi utilizado no primeiro e no segundo dia do modelo experimental em hamsters Golden Sirian e, no quarto dia, foi aplicado trauma mecânico para induzir a OM. Os animais foram divididos em grupos, polivinilpirrolidona (PVP), trauma mecânico (MT), 5FU e grupos tratados com nanopartículas de ouro (AuNps) (62,5, 125 e 250 μg / kg). No décimo dia, os animais foram submetidos à eutanásia por macroscopia, histopatologia, imuno-histoquímica, western blot, reação em cadeia da polimerase quantitativa (qRT-PCR) e quantificação de AuNp. Resultados: AuNp (250 μg / kg) reduziu TNF-α, IL-1β, COX-2, NF-κB, TGF-β e SMAD 2/3; níveis aumentados de glutationa; diminuiu a expressão da proteína 1 associada à ECH de Kelch (KEAP1); e induziu heme oxigenase 1 (Genes HMOX-1 ) e NAD (P) H quinona oxidoredutase 1 ( NQO1 ). Conclusões: AuNp (250 μg / kg) evitou a OM induzida por 5-FU em hamsters e melhorou os parâmetros de inflamação e estresse oxidativo.</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><a href="https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4923/12/4/304/htm" target="_blank">Full Text</a></span></p></span>Laboratório Virtual de Patologiahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01973860435082517762noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-177907852963149521.post-51769845680576601642020-07-09T07:05:00.004-07:002020-07-09T07:36:39.052-07:00Anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity of hydroethanolic extract of Spondias mombin leaf in an oral mucositis experimental model<span id="docs-internal-guid-7a5d5ba5-7fff-80f8-0087-150e2ba679a1"><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Mayra Sousa Gomes, Ruthineia Diógenes Alves Uchoa Linsa, Silvana Maria Zucolotto Langassner, Éricka Janine, Thais Gomes de Carvalho, Maria Luiza Diniz de Sousa Lopes Lorena de Souza Araújo, Caroline Addison Carvalho Xavier de Medeiros de Renata Ferreira de Carvalho Leitão, Gerlane Coelho Bernardo Guerra, Raimundo Fernandes de Araújo Junior, Aurigena Antunes de Araújo</span></p><br /><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 4pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><b>Abstract</b></span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Background</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: italic; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Spondias mombin</span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"> has been used in folk medicine to treat inflammation in the oral cavity. This study aimed to evaluate the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity of </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: italic; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">S. mombin</span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"> extract in an oral mucositis experimental model.</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Methods</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Male hamsters were orally pre-treated with hydroethanolic extract of </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: italic; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">S. mombin</span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"> leaves (HESM) (50, 100, or 200 mg/kg) for ten days. Cheek pouch samples were subjected to macroscopic, histopathological and immunohistochemical analysis (Cox-2, iNOS, NF-kB p50 NLS and MMP-2). IL-1β and TNF-α levels were analyzed by ELISA immunoassay, and Superoxide dismutase estimative (SOD), glutathione (GSH) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were submitted to spectroscopy analysis.</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Results</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">The group treated with HESM at a dose of 200 mg/kg showed the best healing effect, showing no evidence of ulceration in the macroscopic analysis (</span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: italic; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">p</span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"> < 0.05). Histopathological analysis showed re-epithelialization, discrete mononuclear inflammatory infiltrate and absence of hemorrhage and edema score of 1 (1-1) (</span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: italic; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">p</span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"> < 0.05), as well as a large amount of collagen fibers and a lower immunoexpression of Cox-2, iNOS, NF-kB p50 NLS and MMP-2. Decrease in SOD (</span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: italic; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">p</span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"> < 0.05), MDA (p<0.001), IL-1β (</span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: italic; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">p</span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"> < 0.05), and TNF-α levels (</span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: italic; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">p</span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"> < 0.001), with an increase in GSH (</span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: italic; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">p</span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"> < 0.01) levels.</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Conclusion</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">HESM (200 mg/kg) reduced oxidative stress and inflammation in the 5-fluorouracil-induced oral mucositis in hamsters.</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br /></span></p><span id="docs-internal-guid-6ccd9a53-7fff-ba51-2a53-4ce88a42046e"><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 4pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><b>Resumo</b></span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: italic; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Spondias mombin</span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"> tem sido usado na medicina popular para tratar inflamações na cavidade oral. Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a atividade antioxidante e anti-inflamatória do extrato de </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: italic; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">S. mombin</span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"> em um modelo experimental de mucosite oral.</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Métodos</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Os hamsters machos foram pré-tratados por via oral com extrato hidroetanólico de folhas de </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: italic; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">S. mombin</span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"> (HESM) (50, 100 ou 200 mg / kg) por dez dias. As amostras de bolsas de bochecha foram submetidas a análises macroscópicas, histopatológicas e imuno-histoquímicas (Cox-2, iNOS, NF-kB p50 NLS e MMP-2). Os níveis de IL-1β e TNF-α foram analisados por imunoensaio ELISA e os níveis de estimativa de superóxido dismutase (SOD), glutationa (GSH) e malondialdeído (MDA) foram submetidos à análise espectroscópica.</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Resultados</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">O grupo tratado com HESM na dose de 200 mg / kg apresentou o melhor efeito cicatrizante, não mostrando evidência de ulceração na análise macroscópica ( </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: italic; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">p</span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"> <0,05). A análise histopatológica mostrou reepitelização, infiltrado inflamatório mononuclear discreto e ausência de escore de hemorragia e edema de 1 (1-1) ( </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: italic; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">p</span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"> <0,05), além de grande quantidade de fibras colágenas e menor imunoexpressão de Cox-2, iNOS , NF-kB p50 NLS e MMP-2. Diminuição dos níveis de SOD ( </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: italic; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">p</span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"> <0,05), MDA (p <0,001), IL-1β ( </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: italic; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">p</span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"> <0,05) e TNF-α ( </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: italic; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">p</span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"> <0,001), com um aumento nos níveis de GSH ( </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: italic; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">p</span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"> <0,01).</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Conclusão</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">O HESM (200 mg / kg) reduziu o estresse oxidativo e a inflamação na mucosite oral induzida por 5-fluorouracil em hamsters.</span></p><br /><a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0003996919311513?via%3Dihub" target="_blank">Full Text</a><br /></span></span>Laboratório Virtual de Patologiahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01973860435082517762noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-177907852963149521.post-2043222455972514512020-06-25T13:47:00.004-07:002020-07-09T08:03:11.070-07:00Prognostic Significance of the Anatomical Location and TNM Clinical Classification in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma / Significado prognóstico da localização anatômica e classificação clínica do TNM no carcinoma epidermoide oral<span id="docs-internal-guid-956e0b7c-7fff-d4d6-e37c-4f2202293535"><h1 dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.68; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 24pt; padding: 0pt 0pt 6pt; text-align: justify;"><span id="docs-internal-guid-aad7366a-7fff-898c-379f-0e368b50ad5b"><font size="3"><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Raimundo Fernandes de Araújo Jr 1, Carlos Augusto Galvão Barboza, Naianne Kelly Clebis, Sergio Adrianne Bezerra de Moura, Antônio de Lisboa Lopes Costa</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br /></span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Abstract</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br /></span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Objectives:<span> The aim of this study was to investigate the existence of correlation between the TNM clinical classification, anatomical location and prognosis of oral squamous cell carcinoma. </span></span><span style="font-family: arial; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Study design:<span> A total of 130 oral squamous cell carcinomas were selected from the files of the Dr. Luiz Antonio Hospital (Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil). Data concerning TNM clinical classification, anatomical location and prognosis were obtained. Pearsons correlation test was applied for the statistical analysis of data. </span></span><span style="font-family: arial; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Results:<span> It revealed a statistically significant correlation (p = 0.01) between TNM clinical classification and prognosis. It also revealed correlation between TNM classification and the anatomical location of oral squamous cell carcinomas (p = 0.01). </span></span><span style="font-family: arial; white-space: pre-wrap;">Conclusions: </span><span style="font-family: arial; white-space: pre-wrap;">We concluded that TNM classification presented correlation with prognosis and with the different anatomical locations of oral squamous cell carcinomas.</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br /></span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Resumo</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br /></span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Objetivos: <span>O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar a existência de correlação entre a classificação clínica do TNM, localização anatômica e prognóstico do carcinoma epidermoide oral. </span></span><span style="font-family: arial; white-space: pre-wrap;">Desenho do estudo:</span><span style="font-family: arial; white-space: pre-wrap;"> Foram selecionados 130 carcinomas epidermóides orais dos prontuários do Hospital Dr. Luiz Antonio (Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brasil). Dados referentes à classificação clínica do TNM, localização anatômica e prognóstico foram obtidos. O teste de correlação de Pearson foi aplicado para a análise estatística dos dados. </span><span style="font-family: arial; white-space: pre-wrap;">Resultados: </span><span style="font-family: arial; white-space: pre-wrap;">Revelou correlação estatisticamente significante (p = 0,01) entre a classificação clínica do TNM e o prognóstico. Também revelou correlação entre a classificação TNM e a localização anatômica dos carcinomas epidermóides orais (p = 0,01). </span><span style="font-family: arial; white-space: pre-wrap;">Conclusões: </span><span style="font-family: arial; white-space: pre-wrap;">Concluímos que a classificação TNM apresentou correlação com o prognóstico e com as diferentes localizações anatômicas dos carcinomas epidermóides orais.</span></p></font></span></h1><div><span style="font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><font face="arial" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt;"><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18521052/" target="_blank">View Full-Text</a><br /></font></span></div></span>Laboratório Virtual de Patologiahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01973860435082517762noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-177907852963149521.post-10288857464615005412020-06-25T13:40:00.000-07:002020-06-25T13:40:05.511-07:00Nanoparticulas de ouro combinadas a b-bloqueadores em tecidos hepático de ratos com lesão hepática induzida por álcool e metanfetamina<span id="docs-internal-guid-5e510fbc-7fff-4190-94d9-5c3a0730b228"><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Descrição: O Álcool (etanol) é a substância legalmente vendida mais amplamente utilizada e muitas vezes é co-abusada com outros agentes, como as anfetaminas e seus derivados. O co-abuso do etanol e drogas ilicitas contendo metanfetamina é prevalente em todo o mundo, inclusive no Brasil. O consumo crônico do álcool e drogas contendo metanfetaminas tem se tornado um problema de saúde pública Mundial no qual os países têm gastado milhões de doláres no tratamento físico-psicológico dos usuários crônicos dessas drogas. O uso comum concomitante do etanol e da metanfetamina tem grande potencial de interação, já que ambos são metabolizados no fígado a metabólitos hepatotóxicos e neurotóxicos. Distúrbios relacionados a memória, a motricidade e a afetividade são algumas das inúmeras alterações neurológicas observadas nos usuários crônicos de álcool e metanfetaminas. O álcool pode alterar a expressão ou atividade de algumas enzimas metabolizadoras de drogas, incluindo aquelas envovidas no metabolismo das metanfetaminas. O desenvolvimento das lesões hepáticas que varia desde a uma injúria inflamatória até a uma cirrose induzidas por álcool em alcoólicos está ligado à oxidação do etanol para o composto altamente reativo como o acetaldeído quebpromove nos hepatócitos e nas células neuronais processos inflamatórios até morte celular. O citocromo 450 (CYP2E1), é uma outra importante enzima metabolizadora de drogas e importante fonte de espécies reativas de oxigênio (EROs), como superóxidos (O2) e peróxido de hidrogênio (H2O2), na injúria hepática induzida pelo álcool. O uso crônico associado das duas referidas drogas pode promover uma super-expressão dos EROs causando mais danos teciduais. Novos fármacos que atenue processos inflamatórios, principalmente em tecidos hepático e cerebral tem se tornado uma fonte inesgotável de estudos. O carvedilol, um anti-hipertensivo bloqueador do sistema nervoso simpático via adrenoreceptores 1, 2 e 1, tem mostrado propriedades antiinflamatórias. Em estudos prévios do nosso grupo, o carvedilol reduziu o estress oxidativo e a perda óssea em ratos com doença periodontal. A associação de fármacos a nanopartículas tem sido empregada em inúmeros modelos experimentais, uma vez que, nanotransportadores representam umanova plataforma para o transporte de agentes terapêuticos a alvos específicos. Por ser uma substância inerte e não tóxica, as nanopartículas de ouro utilizadas isoladamente têm se mostrado com propriedades anti-inflamatórias. Portanto, é objetivo desse projeto avaliar, em estudos in vitro e em modelo experimental em ratos com injúria hepática induzida pela associação do álcool e metanfetamina, os efeitos anti-inflamatórios do anti-hipertensivo carvedilol associado a nanoparticulas de ouro em células e tecidos hepático e cerebral.</span></p></span>Laboratório Virtual de Patologiahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01973860435082517762noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-177907852963149521.post-85330045935087661332020-06-25T13:38:00.000-07:002020-06-25T13:38:25.072-07:00Nanotecnologia: Ensaios pré-clínicos in vitro e in vivo para avaliação das atividades analgésica, antiinflamatória e antitumoral de anti-hipertensivos bloqueadores da angiotensina II associados a nanopartículas de ouro e prata<span id="docs-internal-guid-4271c06d-7fff-3e11-8f86-1c79b8bd0b3c"><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Descrição: O descrédito dos inibidores COX-2 chama a atenção dos pesquisadores para a síntese de novas sustâncias com atividades anti-inflamatórias, mas com diminuição dos efeitos adversos, ou a realização de pesquisas para a avaliação da atividade anti-inflamatória de substâncias já conhecidas, mas que tem outras indicações. Uma classe de medicamentos que merece atenção é a dos anti-hipertensivos inibidores da angiotensina II. Estudos demonstram que os níveis de Ang-II no tecido e plasma estão aumentados durante o estresse, conduzindo à liberação de espécies reativas do oxigênio a partir do músculo liso vascular com consequentes danos celulares e inflamação. Ang-II promove o aumento da permeabilidade vascular (através da liberação de prostaglandinas e do fator de crescimento de células endoteliais vasculares/fator de permeabilidade vascular) e participa do recrutamento de células inflamatórias do infiltrado tecidual através da sua ativação direta ou pela regulação da expressão de moléculas de adesão e quimiocinas pelas células residentes; dessa forma, Ang-II participa de diversos eventos-chave da resposta inflamatória. Nanotecnologias podem ser definidas como o design, ca- racterização na produção e aplicação de estruturas, dispositivos e sistemas de controle por forma e tamanho a uma escala nanométrica. As nanopartículas, de acordo com o American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) são partículas com comprimentos que variam de 1 a 100 nm, em duas ou três dimensões. O mais estudado nanopartículas são nanotubos de carbono, nanopartículas de ouro e prata (PNB) e pontos quânticos de seleneto de cádmio que são promissores agentes anti-câncer e antiinflamatório. O objetivo desse projeto é analisar através de ensaios in vitro com linhagens celulares normais e tumorais e modelos animais, tais sejam: artrite reumatóide, doença periodontal, cirrose hepática, mucosites oral e intestinal a atividade biológica (antiinflamtória e anti-tumoral) dos antihipertensivos bloqueadores da angiotensina.</span></p><div><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br /></span></div></span>Laboratório Virtual de Patologiahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01973860435082517762noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-177907852963149521.post-4172708850163009582020-06-25T13:33:00.002-07:002020-06-25T13:35:11.348-07:00Image-Guided Surgery (IGS) and Personalised Postoperative Immunotherapy To Improving Cancer Outcome<span id="docs-internal-guid-fa59d4da-7fff-4c77-c620-fb26589d578d"><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Description: The basic concept of our proposal is to develop nanoparticle-based encapsulated libraries of different immunotherapeutic biomolecules for treatment after surgery as part of a novel cancer management strategy. The current state-of-art for the management of cancer starts with surgery, after identification of an accessible tumour mass. Surgery remains an effective treatment option for many types of cancer today and it is considered curative treatment for most solid tumours. It forms part of a multidisciplinary approach used in conjunction with radiotherapy or chemotherapy. These approaches, however, have several limitations, including inability of surgical resection to affect distal metastatic disease, toxicity to healthy tissues with chemotherapy and lack of effectiveness of radiation therapy in more aggressive tumours. The observation that cancer can relapse months or years after initial surgery implies that micrometastases still resides within the body in a latent state. Our proposal is to take cancer therapy to beyond state-of-art by implementing techniques which will take us into new directions. This includes a) new methods to identify immune gene profiles and biomarkers b) transgenic mouse models where the complex interactions that underlie immune function can be visualised as multiplexed events in real time and c) the use of nanoparticle-based libraries of immune modulating reagent combinations. There are three key objectives within this project: i) to use immune gene signatures to monitor disease progression and therapeutic efficacy of immunotherapy combinations on nanoparticle-based platforms, ii) to optimise the platform to encapsulate libraries of immune components for more personalised, accurate and timely delivery of the payload to its intended target and iii) to optimise the overall cancer management process of image-guided surgery followed by postoperative immunotherapy so that we can ultimately provide a lifetime of protection against cancer.</span></p><div><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br /></span></div></span>Laboratório Virtual de Patologiahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01973860435082517762noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-177907852963149521.post-61952125529601320782020-06-25T13:31:00.004-07:002020-06-25T13:36:05.515-07:00A translational study of the antitumor activity of smart nanoparticles in resistant cancers induced by inflammatory microenvironment<span id="docs-internal-guid-afb6ef35-7fff-df64-814d-52c12de11eee"><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Description: The current state-of-art for cancer treatment begins with surgery after identifying an accessible tumor mass. The proposal of this project is to take cancer therapy beyond state-of-art through the implementation of techniques that will lead to immunotherapy in new directions, such as the use of multiconjugated nanoparticles with immunological components and chemotherapics beyond Fluorescent agents to monitor the functional activity of immunological cells in the tumor, specially macrophages during immunotherapy and in metastases after surgery..</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Situação: Em andamento; Natureza: Pesquisa.</span></p><div><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br /></span></div></span>Laboratório Virtual de Patologiahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01973860435082517762noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-177907852963149521.post-66014694773404791442020-06-15T13:40:00.008-07:002020-07-09T08:07:29.663-07:00Ceramide and palmitic acid inhibit macrophage-mediated epithelial–mesenchymal transition in colorectal cancer<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:WordDocument> <w:View>Normal</w:View> <w:Zoom>0</w:Zoom> <w:TrackMoves/> <w:TrackFormatting/> <w:HyphenationZone>21</w:HyphenationZone> <w:PunctuationKerning/> <w:ValidateAgainstSchemas/> <w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>false</w:SaveIfXMLInvalid> <w:IgnoreMixedContent>false</w:IgnoreMixedContent> <w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>false</w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText> <w:DoNotPromoteQF/> <w:LidThemeOther>PT-BR</w:LidThemeOther> <w:LidThemeAsian>X-NONE</w:LidThemeAsian> <w:LidThemeComplexScript>X-NONE</w:LidThemeComplexScript> <w:Compatibility> <w:BreakWrappedTables/> <w:SnapToGridInCell/> <w:WrapTextWithPunct/> <w:UseAsianBreakRules/> <w:DontGrowAutofit/> <w:SplitPgBreakAndParaMark/> <w:DontVertAlignCellWithSp/> <w:DontBreakConstrainedForcedTables/> <w:DontVertAlignInTxbx/> <w:Word11KerningPairs/> <w:CachedColBalance/> </w:Compatibility> <m:mathPr> <m:mathFont m:val="Cambria Math"/> <m:brkBin m:val="before"/> <m:brkBinSub m:val="--"/> <m:smallFrac m:val="off"/> <m:dispDef/> <m:lMargin m:val="0"/> <m:rMargin m:val="0"/> <m:defJc m:val="centerGroup"/> <m:wrapIndent m:val="1440"/> <m:intLim m:val="subSup"/> <m:naryLim m:val="undOvr"/> </m:mathPr></w:WordDocument> </xml><![endif]--><span style="background-color: white;"><br /></span><div><span style="background-color: white; font-family: tahoma, geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 11px;"><span id="docs-internal-guid-a3058421-7fff-451c-3327-4ec874eec7e3"><b><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: transparent; font-family: arial; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">DE ARAUJO JUNIOR, RAIMUNDO FERNANDES; EICH, CHRISTINA ; JORQUERA, CARLA ; SCHOMANN, TIMO ; BALDAZZI, FABIO ; CHAN, ALAN B. ; CRUZ, LUIS J. . Ceramide and palmitic acid inhibit macrophage-mediated epithelial-mesenchymal transition in colorectal cancer. MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR BIOCHEMISTRY, v. 468, p. 153-168, 2020.</span></p><br /></b></span></span></div><div><span id="docs-internal-guid-33d070f5-7fff-f6bf-16bd-36157e251bb2"><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><b>Abstract </b></span></p><b><br /></b><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><b>Accumulating evidence indicates that ceramide (Cer) and palmitic acid (PA) possess the ability to modulate switching of macrophage phenotypes and possess anti-tumorigenic effects; however, the underlying molecular mechanisms are largely unknown. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether Cer and PA could induce switching of macrophage polarization from the tumorigenic M2- towards the pro-inflammatory M1-phenotype, and whether this consequently altered the potential of colorectal cancer cells to undergo epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT), a hallmark of tumor progression. Our study showed that Cer- and PA-treated macrophages increased expression of the macrophage 1 (M1)-marker CD68 and secretion of IL-12 and attenuated expression of the macrophage 2 (M2)-marker CD163 and IL-10 secretion. Moreover, Cer and PA abolished M2 macrophage-induced EMT and migration of colorectal cancer cells. At the molecular level, this coincided with inhibition of SNAI1 and vimentin expression and upregulation of E-cadherin. Furthermore, Cer and PA attenuated expression levels of IL-10 in colorectal cancer cells co-cultured with M2 macrophages and downregulated STAT3 and NF-κB expression. For the first time, our findings suggest the presence of an IL-10-STAT3-NF-κB signaling axis in colorectal cancer cells co-cultured with M2 macrophages, mimicking the tumor microenvironment. Importantly, PA and Cer were powerful inhibitors of this signaling axis and, consequently, EMT of colorectal cancer cells. These results contribute to our understanding of the immunological mechanisms that underlie the anti-tumorigenic effects of lipids for future combination with drugs in the therapy of colorectal carcinoma.</b></span></p><b><br /></b><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><b>Resumo</b></span></p><b><br /></b><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><b>Evidências acumuladas indicam que a ceramida (Cer) e o ácido palmítico (PA) possuem a capacidade de modular a troca de fenótipos de macrófagos e possuem efeitos antitumorigênicos; no entanto, mecanismos moleculares subjacentes são amplamente desconhecidos. O objetivo do presente estudo foi investigar se Cer e PA poderiam induzir a troca da polarização de macrófagos M2 tumorigênico em direção ao fenótipo M1 pró-inflamatório, e se isso consequentemente alterava o potencial de células cancerígenas colorretais sofrerem transição epitelial-mesenquimal (EMT), uma marca registrada da progressão tumoral. Nosso estudo mostrou que os macrófagos tratados com Cer e PA aumentaram a expressão dos CD68, marcadores de macrófagos 1 (M1) e a secreção de IL-12 e reduziram a expressão dos marcadores de macrófagos 2 (M2), CD163 e IL-10. Além disso, Cer e PA aboliram o EMT induzida por macrófagos M2 e a migração de células cancerígenas colorretais. Em nível molecular, isso coincidiu com a inibição da expressão de SNAI1 e vimentina e a regulação positiva da caderina-E. Além disso, Cer e PA atenuaram os níveis de expressão de IL-10 em células cancerígenas colorretais co-cultivadas com macrófagos M2 e regularam negativamente a expressão de STAT3 e NF-kB. Pela primeira vez, nossos achados sugerem a presença de um eixo de sinalização IL-10-STAT3-NF-κB em células cancerígenas colorretais co-cultivadas com macrófagos M2, imitando o microambiente tumoral. É importante ressaltar que PA e Cer foram poderosos inibidores desse eixo de sinalização e, consequentemente, do processo de EMT das células de câncer colorretais. Esses resultados contribuem para o entendimento dos mecanismos imunológicos subjacentes aos efeitos antitumorigênicos dos lipídios para futura combinação com fármacos na terapia do carcinoma colorretal.</b></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhQdWAB5XfMW61CcXDqcLa3YaT2IyGTlptmJEGygcLqUg1ZHPpxgx6Pp8F1-jkxoygFAcgROCtbRYJ75qqCDExayQp7Z5bOLgSRAXGvzuM8WFL_v1x82JT-tduD4ccNHcPpmbkQQ7uIbLRi/s806/Anima%25C3%25A7%25C3%25A3o+artigo+Cer+e+PA.PNG" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="452" data-original-width="806" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhQdWAB5XfMW61CcXDqcLa3YaT2IyGTlptmJEGygcLqUg1ZHPpxgx6Pp8F1-jkxoygFAcgROCtbRYJ75qqCDExayQp7Z5bOLgSRAXGvzuM8WFL_v1x82JT-tduD4ccNHcPpmbkQQ7uIbLRi/s320/Anima%25C3%25A7%25C3%25A3o+artigo+Cer+e+PA.PNG" width="320" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><br /></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><a href="https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11010-020-03719-5" target="_blank">View Full-Text</a><br /></p></span></div>Laboratório Virtual de Patologiahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01973860435082517762noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-177907852963149521.post-62106767496343944182020-06-15T12:50:00.041-07:002020-07-09T07:40:03.541-07:00Effect of Oxaliplatin-Loaded Poly (d,l-Lactide-co-Glycolic Acid) (PLGA) Nanoparticles Combined with Retinoic Acid and Cholesterol on Apoptosis, Drug Resistance, and Metastasis Factors of Colorectal Cancer <span id="docs-internal-guid-1002c342-7fff-e0c1-eb19-43feb7000fc9"><span id="docs-internal-guid-3cd0aaee-7fff-efed-1bba-c85dfae14ffc"><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">C. DE S. L. OLIVEIRA, ANA LUIZA ; ARAÚJO JÚNIOR, RAIMUNDO FERNANDES DE ; GOMES DE CARVALHO, THAÍS ; B. CHAN, ALAN ; SCHOMANN, TIMO ; TAMBURINI, FILIPPO ; DE GEUS-OEI, LIOE-FEE ; J. CRUZ, LUIS . Effect of Oxaliplatin-Loaded Poly (d,l-Lactide-co-Glycolic Acid) (PLGA) Nanoparticles Combined with Retinoic Acid and Cholesterol on Apoptosis, Drug Resistance, and Metastasis Factors of Colorectal Cancer. PHARMACEUTICS, v. 12, p. 193, 2020.</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: 11pt; text-align: left; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br /></span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: 11pt; text-align: left; white-space: pre-wrap;"><b>Abstract</b></span></p></span><br /><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Apoptosis signaling pathways, drug resistance, and metastasis are important targets to develop new cancer treatments. We developed cholesterol-coated Poly(d,l-Lactide-co-Glycolic Acid) (PLGA) nanoparticles for effective encapsulation and delivery of retinoic acid and oxaliplatin to analyze their antitumor activity in colorectal cancer. The cell viability and proliferation of tumoral cells lines (CT-26 and SW-480) decreased when compared to control in vitro after treatment with the nanoparticles. In addition, apoptosis of CT-26 cells increased. Importantly, cytoprotection of nontumor cells was detected. Expression of pro-apoptotic proteins was upregulated, while anti-apoptotic proteins were downregulated either in vitro or in vivo. In addition, drug resistance and metastasis factors were downregulated in vivo. Human colorectal tumors that highly expressed BCL-2 and Ki-67 had a greater tendency towards death within 60 months. Our results show that loading oxaliplatin combined with retinoic acid and cholesterol in a nanoparticle formulation enables determination of optimal antitumor activity and subsequent treatment efficacy.</span></p><br /><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Resumo</span></p><br /><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Vias de sinalização de apoptose, resistência a droga e metástase são importantes ligantes para o desenvolvimento de novos tratamentos para o câncer. Nós desenvolvemos nanopartículas de Poli(D,L-Lactídeo-ácido-co-Glicólico) revestidas de colesterol para efetivar o encapsulamento e a entrega de ácido retinoico e oxaliplatina para analisar sua atividade antitumoral no câncer colorretal. A viabilidade e proliferação celular das linhagens tumorais (CT-26 e SW-480) foram reduzidas, quando comparadas ao grupo controle, in vitro, após o tratamento com as nanopartículas. Além disso, a apoptose aumentou em células CT-26. É importante ressaltar que a citoproteção de células não tumorais foi detectada. Expressão de proteínas pró-apoptóticas foram reguladas positivamente, enquanto as proteínas anti-apoptóticas foram reguladas negativamente in vitro ou in vivo. Além disso, fatores de resistência à droga e metástase foram regulados negativamente in vivo. Os tumores colorretais humanos que expressaram altamente BCL-2 e Ki-67 apresentaram uma maior tendência à morte em 60 meses. Nossos resultados mostram que o carregamento de oxaliplatina combinada com ácido retinóico e colesterol em uma formulação de nanopartículas permite a determinação da atividade antitumoral ideal e a subsequente eficácia do tratamento.</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><a href="https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4923/12/2/193/htm" target="_blank">View Full-Text</a><br /></span></p><br /></span>Laboratório Virtual de Patologiahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01973860435082517762noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-177907852963149521.post-8871261265431433912014-03-16T05:50:00.001-07:002014-03-16T05:50:57.542-07:00Meningite viral/ Viral meningitis <div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<iframe allowfullscreen='allowfullscreen' webkitallowfullscreen='webkitallowfullscreen' mozallowfullscreen='mozallowfullscreen' width='320' height='266' src='https://www.blogger.com/video.g?token=AD6v5dyZ2OLyNp9Jpxo9lbP2kPL5jVH9RK8FFuyaRwRT7Llr8fWx2u8OrLvvjr_MPya3m_1Y3VxUFQQe6SdMfCfwzw' class='b-hbp-video b-uploaded' frameborder='0'></iframe></div>
<br />Laboratório Virtual de Patologiahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01973860435082517762noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-177907852963149521.post-68185897759659562322014-03-16T05:50:00.000-07:002014-03-16T05:50:05.547-07:00Como se espalha o câncer de próstata/How Prostate Cancer Spreads<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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<br />Laboratório Virtual de Patologiahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01973860435082517762noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-177907852963149521.post-1885430037804243082014-03-16T05:45:00.000-07:002014-03-16T05:45:05.341-07:00Concussão/Concussion<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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<br />Laboratório Virtual de Patologiahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01973860435082517762noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-177907852963149521.post-66182317266701423292014-03-16T05:43:00.001-07:002014-03-16T05:43:58.362-07:00Aneurisma cerebral/ Cerebral aneurysm<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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<br />Laboratório Virtual de Patologiahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01973860435082517762noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-177907852963149521.post-67323390290098323872014-03-16T05:31:00.001-07:002014-03-16T05:31:53.401-07:00Hepatite A e B/ Hepatitis A and B<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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<br />Laboratório Virtual de Patologiahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01973860435082517762noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-177907852963149521.post-84355651194737166912014-03-16T05:31:00.000-07:002014-03-16T05:31:31.051-07:00Câncer de pâncreas/Pancreatic Cancer<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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<br />Laboratório Virtual de Patologiahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01973860435082517762noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-177907852963149521.post-52767792862583321992014-03-16T05:23:00.000-07:002014-03-16T05:23:05.804-07:00Diabetes tipo 2/ Type 2 diabetes<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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<br />Laboratório Virtual de Patologiahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01973860435082517762noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-177907852963149521.post-50052357026593483972014-03-16T05:22:00.000-07:002014-03-16T05:22:54.626-07:00Diabetes tipo 1/ Type 1 diabetes<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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<br />Laboratório Virtual de Patologiahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01973860435082517762noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-177907852963149521.post-44740689924044226642014-03-16T05:10:00.000-07:002014-03-16T05:10:59.102-07:00Câncer de próstata/ Prostate cancer<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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<br />Laboratório Virtual de Patologiahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01973860435082517762noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-177907852963149521.post-63612535651713020162013-03-07T12:54:00.002-08:002014-03-16T04:49:22.060-07:00Carcinoma epidermoide oral - bem diferenciado/Oral squamous cell carcinoma - Well differentiated<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: justify;">
O carcinoma epidermóide (semelhante a epiderme) é constituído por células que imitam as da epiderme normal, mas têm arquitetura desorganizada, pleomorfismo, atipias nucleares e mitoses típicas e atípicas. Em áreas melhor diferenciadas as células tentam imitar a epiderme normal, com poucas atipias e presença de queratina. Na camada de Malpighi é possível observar desmossomos (organelas que mantêm as células unidas). Dão um apecto estriado ou espinhoso ao contorno celular, daí o termo camada espinhosa. É comum a formação de queratina condensada no centro dos agrupamentos celulares, constituindo as pérolas córneas, indício de boa diferenciação do carcinoma epidermóide.</div>
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<b>Translation: Squamous cell carcinoma (similar to epidermis) consists of cells that mimic the normal epidermis, but have disorganized architecture, pleomorphism, nuclear atypia, and typical and atypical mitosis. Best areas in differentiated cells attempt to mimic the normal epidermis, with little atypia and presence of keratin. In Malpighian layer can be observed desmosomes (organelles that hold cells together). Give a splined or prickly to the cell boundary, hence the term spinous layer apecto. Often the formation of keratin condensed in the center of cell clusters, forming pearls corneas, evidence good differentiation of squamous cell carcinoma.</b></div>
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<b>Fonte: http://anatpat.unicamp.br/lamneo11.html</b></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhdFERujubPOYO97EKREBcQLlI3ixTQ2Ut3j73xvdkbMEcAqYUbiGKKakwSc8AR8FFJqPO7-kg6ExP_EDsE6Hue2XH5XyZCvfn1ZrHbFbpHqM8Xrzw9n5jhLTdwe_zzmBL34OT-h33bgA6W/s1600/1.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhdFERujubPOYO97EKREBcQLlI3ixTQ2Ut3j73xvdkbMEcAqYUbiGKKakwSc8AR8FFJqPO7-kg6ExP_EDsE6Hue2XH5XyZCvfn1ZrHbFbpHqM8Xrzw9n5jhLTdwe_zzmBL34OT-h33bgA6W/s400/1.JPG" height="300" width="400" /></a></div>
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4x</div>
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<a href="http://zoom.it/kg3a0" target="_blank">Visualização detalhada(details)</a></div>
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Área de normalidade - seta preta indica o epitélio pavimentoso estratificado enquanto que a seta azul aponta anexos cutâneos. </div>
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<b>Translation: Area of normality - black arrow indicates the stratified squamous epithelium whereas blue arrow points skin appendages.</b></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiWU9NZokGfYYPG9B4TuwPeL87-h3a2uQfdk-qjOOfjIC8iJemA0tLYImYTNs2ckfpzmCffpK3_tR9t96NLlIiLT_lgG1fEAiTet_pw7NupeJRHz_6osIgRBq8hqIY1MnWlN8d2VH2p8hma/s1600/3.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiWU9NZokGfYYPG9B4TuwPeL87-h3a2uQfdk-qjOOfjIC8iJemA0tLYImYTNs2ckfpzmCffpK3_tR9t96NLlIiLT_lgG1fEAiTet_pw7NupeJRHz_6osIgRBq8hqIY1MnWlN8d2VH2p8hma/s400/3.JPG" height="300" width="400" /></a></div>
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10x </div>
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<a href="http://zoom.it/G52L" target="_blank">Visualização detalhada(details)</a></div>
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Notar a invasão das células epiteliais,em conjunto, ao tecido conjuntivo adjacente(setas azuis).</div>
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<b>Translation:Note the invasion of epithelial cells together to the adjacent tissue (blue arrows).</b></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj8GdgHziIle8nmh_qgBa7hsHmLrTf1ScOUEgKm4zH4ciQJEWNW-gX8EUJSZCbb8bR5sxHnmgRSI0uQh8wCgw8yW9pTa8P-qe_JER_hwCcNobSQpzv9OvPB7CEoM88Yf6cL-hn27Geav5-v/s1600/2.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj8GdgHziIle8nmh_qgBa7hsHmLrTf1ScOUEgKm4zH4ciQJEWNW-gX8EUJSZCbb8bR5sxHnmgRSI0uQh8wCgw8yW9pTa8P-qe_JER_hwCcNobSQpzv9OvPB7CEoM88Yf6cL-hn27Geav5-v/s400/2.JPG" height="300" width="400" /></a></div>
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10x</div>
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<a href="http://zoom.it/kOYN" target="_blank">Visualização detalhada(details)</a></div>
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Notar área de invasão de células neoplásica provenientes do epitélio(seta amarela),ilhas de células neoplásicas(setas azuis),pérolas córneas(setas pretas),disceratoses(setas vermelhas) e infiltrado inflamatório linfoplasmocitário. </div>
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<b>Translation:Note area of invasion of neoplastic cells from the epithelium (yellow arrow), islands of neoplastic cells (blue arrows), keratin pearls (black arrows), d</b><b style="text-align: center;">yskeratosis</b><b> (red arrows) and lymphocytic inflammatory infiltrate.</b></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh7ScOeQc_MBbVBU06e24eLx_st9D5vQ7jAMc6J9HQG6TH-RYtFKijl7c1-DhE75H1m9w-6YeqnHlJ_-eWXG8czuH_Dn1_hPhiANh17oQyMhU8X7uPTgDEe6VDe8vAJAezQiHKCiGRHvyzV/s1600/4.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh7ScOeQc_MBbVBU06e24eLx_st9D5vQ7jAMc6J9HQG6TH-RYtFKijl7c1-DhE75H1m9w-6YeqnHlJ_-eWXG8czuH_Dn1_hPhiANh17oQyMhU8X7uPTgDEe6VDe8vAJAezQiHKCiGRHvyzV/s400/4.JPG" height="300" width="400" /></a></div>
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4x</div>
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<a href="http://zoom.it/x2fK" target="_blank">Visualização detalhada(details)</a></div>
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Área com grande concentração de células neoplásicas(círculo azul).</div>
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<b>Translation:Area with a large concentration of neoplastic cells (blue circle).</b></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgy98pv1X1ol8bL4aEqs1DD81fkXAEb3Lcv6xVW9SPZSa_ZuRUMFYa3g58QC9ixp3tSuUVle6eyp0-OGzexG245fXNmpchX5iLWvLhSfuhhmhC5ldnxxJ48G7ibgUUi7yibJ23ctETcAb9_/s1600/7.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgy98pv1X1ol8bL4aEqs1DD81fkXAEb3Lcv6xVW9SPZSa_ZuRUMFYa3g58QC9ixp3tSuUVle6eyp0-OGzexG245fXNmpchX5iLWvLhSfuhhmhC5ldnxxJ48G7ibgUUi7yibJ23ctETcAb9_/s400/7.JPG" height="300" width="400" /></a></div>
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40x </div>
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<a href="http://zoom.it/HZ4V" target="_blank">Visualização detalhada(details)</a></div>
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Disceratose(seta azul).</div>
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<b>Translation:Dyskeratosis (blue arrow).</b></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjgydn0f5gCGtz34PjlEBfDNE36D9iCoJybHcaqbEgAuplhhs6lhdawOiIPigfKmTzAvGUHF3VbSQwiVTabHYRS9mUxMl5fyTp_V_C5MebladULZ2QjsG-2KSsZ_IEKLllxEj8TNnI9LtZF/s1600/6.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjgydn0f5gCGtz34PjlEBfDNE36D9iCoJybHcaqbEgAuplhhs6lhdawOiIPigfKmTzAvGUHF3VbSQwiVTabHYRS9mUxMl5fyTp_V_C5MebladULZ2QjsG-2KSsZ_IEKLllxEj8TNnI9LtZF/s400/6.JPG" height="300" width="400" /></a></div>
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40x</div>
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<a href="http://zoom.it/n4f3" target="_blank">Visualização detalhada(details)</a></div>
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Pleomorfismo nuclear e celular(setas amarelas);notar figura de mitose bizarra(seta azul) e infiltrado inflamatório(seta preta).</div>
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<b>Translation:Nuclear and cellular pleomorphism (yellow arrows); notice bizarre mitotic figure (blue arrow) and inflammatory infiltration (black arrow).</b></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg6m1C9qyqafw-mI4Hbhyl0ynf9tkYpkAJlgR6ZbSMgqwe2k1mjBIWyfeHk62Pv68_gprL6X5wNqxqB8KRgUFu64d2U-39iDNqdKHpz6D1dS_ebTvfD9dyHSI-uYp89-UUKn5A8aj8tBSU9/s1600/5.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg6m1C9qyqafw-mI4Hbhyl0ynf9tkYpkAJlgR6ZbSMgqwe2k1mjBIWyfeHk62Pv68_gprL6X5wNqxqB8KRgUFu64d2U-39iDNqdKHpz6D1dS_ebTvfD9dyHSI-uYp89-UUKn5A8aj8tBSU9/s400/5.JPG" height="300" width="400" /></a></div>
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40x</div>
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<a href="http://zoom.it/hdhx" target="_blank">Visualização detalhada(details)</a></div>
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Presença de figura de mitose atípica(seta amarela),pleomorfismo(setas azuis) e hipercromatismo nuclear(cabeça de setas).</div>
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<b>Translation:Presence of atypical mitotic figure (yellow arrow), pleomorphism (blue arrows) and nuclear hyperchromatic (head arrows).</b></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhN3A4ie9Tub1HmZpZH1znnkNUQ54TjIZDHbynwiT8AupKJsnbQHNx9syfMWsYLsr602rB_ne8ByZ932gjjlU4icVx8mz2gI6Cbn2mNbPEO4qMAJa3TJbFAQWIN_jkS8tsaEdbaKopqt6_m/s1600/8.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhN3A4ie9Tub1HmZpZH1znnkNUQ54TjIZDHbynwiT8AupKJsnbQHNx9syfMWsYLsr602rB_ne8ByZ932gjjlU4icVx8mz2gI6Cbn2mNbPEO4qMAJa3TJbFAQWIN_jkS8tsaEdbaKopqt6_m/s400/8.JPG" height="300" width="400" /></a></div>
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10x</div>
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<a href="http://zoom.it/JayW" target="_blank">Visualização detalhada(details)</a></div>
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Presença de várias pérolas córneas(setas azuis).</div>
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<b>Translation:Presence of many keratin pearls (blue arrows).</b></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh4nHBiDUQs5KLagQmKUijF7wwshi6za_90IoTIX_susKkMnsTwoLdUrwxu902BgSBMBtGaQmbJqdJMhycOOgFRep2-3JAUmxVbYhlkbpCGbo8eLYXPyZWH2LiXYGpXdy11wDUtgTUuo7Tc/s1600/9.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh4nHBiDUQs5KLagQmKUijF7wwshi6za_90IoTIX_susKkMnsTwoLdUrwxu902BgSBMBtGaQmbJqdJMhycOOgFRep2-3JAUmxVbYhlkbpCGbo8eLYXPyZWH2LiXYGpXdy11wDUtgTUuo7Tc/s400/9.JPG" height="300" width="400" /></a></div>
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10x</div>
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<a href="http://zoom.it/Ayc2" target="_blank">Visualização detalhada(details)</a></div>
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Área de intensa fibrose(círculo azul) e presença de exsudato fibrinoso(setas amarelas).</div>
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<b>Translation:Intense area of fibrosis (blue circle) and presence of fibrinous exudate (yellow arrows).</b></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgLYVa5sPEd1XioFa0yZEZ9r4v9IYVfnrJJF-KQBdlrbuE6296jF1FL6VufpZvwS7XLzXpAzMAIYulHwzYFm5SYaSrmEOG3sDEbesZHy8j1RAGpptVU3NCXcw8NXPf7VOQ64La6iKxxc4O4/s1600/10.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgLYVa5sPEd1XioFa0yZEZ9r4v9IYVfnrJJF-KQBdlrbuE6296jF1FL6VufpZvwS7XLzXpAzMAIYulHwzYFm5SYaSrmEOG3sDEbesZHy8j1RAGpptVU3NCXcw8NXPf7VOQ64La6iKxxc4O4/s400/10.JPG" height="300" width="400" /></a></div>
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40x</div>
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<a href="http://zoom.it/7BBd" target="_blank">Visualização detalhada(details)</a></div>
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Intensa fibrose(seta preta) com presença de vários fibroblastos(cabeças de setas azuis).Notar o exsudato fibrinoso(seta vermelhas),células inflamatórias em diapedese(seta amarela),além de células neoplásicas invadindo o vaso sanguíneo(cabeça de setas pretas).</div>
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<b>Translation:Intense fibrosis (black arrow) with the presence of several fibroblasts (blue arrowheads). Note the fibrinous exudate (red arrow), inflammatory cells in diapedesis (yellow arrow), and neoplastic cells invading blood vessel (head black arrows).</b></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiIEiTOmTkQqIvG4fxZm0W9AOeYv9_Dgse2vvscIaX9SxVHeToO46Rxfz70R7UKnknRL9gA5lUJoD5fzmnrIupk_ukVT_G_HjvjuhmRA-OrNC5iWYgz_FByZQpn8BA2cFlW6Duk7ZB40E6d/s1600/12.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiIEiTOmTkQqIvG4fxZm0W9AOeYv9_Dgse2vvscIaX9SxVHeToO46Rxfz70R7UKnknRL9gA5lUJoD5fzmnrIupk_ukVT_G_HjvjuhmRA-OrNC5iWYgz_FByZQpn8BA2cFlW6Duk7ZB40E6d/s400/12.JPG" height="300" width="400" /></a></div>
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40x</div>
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<a href="http://zoom.it/59OJ" target="_blank">Visualização detalhada(details)</a></div>
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Área de infiltrado inflamatório(círculo azul);Presença de macrófagos(seta azul).</div>
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<b>Translation: Area of inflammatory infiltrate (blue circle); presence of macrophages (blue arrow).</b></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiZQnEp1Bpgthh-uGwcG-Wx1LLpTYx6H3Fb5PFrQFIPLM3L4JTgqmefd9Pph0vO89QCPVz5_FgfWEKtPPBstDDY_cTWPuWwA2voCa0_tLI9Szv-upYwr6j-vVIYWZH9S1tZ_NpterJT8qd1/s1600/11.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiZQnEp1Bpgthh-uGwcG-Wx1LLpTYx6H3Fb5PFrQFIPLM3L4JTgqmefd9Pph0vO89QCPVz5_FgfWEKtPPBstDDY_cTWPuWwA2voCa0_tLI9Szv-upYwr6j-vVIYWZH9S1tZ_NpterJT8qd1/s400/11.JPG" height="300" width="400" /></a></div>
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40x</div>
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<a href="http://zoom.it/NEHw" target="_blank">Visualização detalhada(details)</a></div>
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Ilha de células neoplásicas(seta amarela);presença de infiltrado inflamatório(seta preta),o qual prova a fuga das células cancerígenas de seu ataque(setas azuis).</div>
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<b>Translation:Isle of neoplastic cells (yellow arrow), inflammatory infiltration (black arrow), which proves the escape of cancer cells from his attack (blue arrows).</b></div>
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<br />Laboratório Virtual de Patologiahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01973860435082517762noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-177907852963149521.post-37513939472402071532013-03-06T17:52:00.001-08:002013-03-06T17:52:15.513-08:00AVC hemorrágico/Hemorrhagic Stroke<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<iframe allowfullscreen='allowfullscreen' webkitallowfullscreen='webkitallowfullscreen' mozallowfullscreen='mozallowfullscreen' width='320' height='266' src='https://www.blogger.com/video.g?token=AD6v5dwlEB3heztpf4UqtMSn5VAO3JimLA5ARBctmegF1nmDKs6ch5HQ1Uqh0VktgBPsiPVYIBgmKr4HWu-Vp9Qk0w' class='b-hbp-video b-uploaded' frameborder='0'></iframe></div>
<br />Laboratório Virtual de Patologiahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01973860435082517762noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-177907852963149521.post-75048081399757768042013-03-06T17:44:00.001-08:002013-03-06T17:44:17.565-08:00AVC isquêmico/Ischemic Stroke<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<iframe allowfullscreen='allowfullscreen' webkitallowfullscreen='webkitallowfullscreen' mozallowfullscreen='mozallowfullscreen' width='320' height='266' src='https://www.blogger.com/video.g?token=AD6v5dwcZ1Vpk3r-ecfWLZUQoq4ge5OeqiVtX0JpDzk7sr9VJfaedi3h3QtUpYFf4bBahojun0XwmF--VUftojJGlw' class='b-hbp-video b-uploaded' frameborder='0'></iframe></div>
<br />Laboratório Virtual de Patologiahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01973860435082517762noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-177907852963149521.post-20506209981147647952013-03-06T17:37:00.001-08:002013-03-06T17:37:15.286-08:00Síndrome de ovário policístico/Polycystic ovary syndrome<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<iframe allowfullscreen='allowfullscreen' webkitallowfullscreen='webkitallowfullscreen' mozallowfullscreen='mozallowfullscreen' width='320' height='266' src='https://www.blogger.com/video.g?token=AD6v5dyJPlgHUe1IDOEDPFh6Tm4y3RONPtxkFm9GadN9BX66k9YKL8zDfXO77EevuN_Nz_4pRZIp6X2u6IjDw7oZTw' class='b-hbp-video b-uploaded' frameborder='0'></iframe></div>
<br />Laboratório Virtual de Patologiahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01973860435082517762noreply@blogger.com0